Mechanisms Addiction Reviews The Strong Relationship...

mechanisms Addiction Reviews the strong relationship between bipolar and substance-use disorder Mechanisms and treatment implications Bipolar disorder and substance-use disorders commonly occur in the same individual. In fact, bipolar disorder has a higher prevalence of substance-use disorders than any other psychiatric illness. Individuals with both disorders have a more severe course of bipolar disorder, including earlier onset, more frequent episodes, and more complications, including anxiety- and stress-related disorders, aggressive behavior, legal problems, and suicide. Bipolar and substance-use disorders share common mechanisms, including impulsivity, poor modulation of motivation and responses to rewarding stimuli, and susceptibility to behavioral sensitization. Studies of potential treatments for bipolar substance-use disorder have paid scant attention to the combined disorders. The most promising treatment strategies are those that address their shared mechanisms. Keywords: bipolar disorder; alcohol-related disorders; substance-related disorders; recurrence; impulsive behavior; behavioral sensitization; co morbidity Introduction Substance abuse is prominent in bipolar disorder, and bipolar disorder may be equally common in substance abuse : bipolar disorder may be the most common non–substance-related Axis I condition in patients with substance-related disorders. This association raises the questions of mechanisms that underlie this relationship and effectiveShow MoreRelatedShould Gambling Be Legal?2890 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Gambling, is often described as a simple form of entertainment, this form of entertainment has become an extreme of uncontrollable behavior to many people. There are many terms that describes a person who over use gambling, which include pathological gamblers, gambling addicts, or compulsive gamblers (Gamblers Anonymous International Service Office , 1957). 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